Curricular Practical Training (CPT)
Not Legal Advice
This content is for informational purposes only and is sourced from official US government websites (ICE, USCIS). Immigration rules are subject to change. Always consult your university's Designated School Official (DSO) or a qualified immigration attorney before accepting any employment.
1Eligibility Check
One Full Academic Year
You must have been lawfully enrolled on a full-time basis for at least one full academic year (two semesters/three quarters).
Exception: Graduate students aimed at programs requiring immediate training.
Valid F-1 Status & Job Offer
You must be in valid F-1 status and have a specific job offer related to your major *before* authorization.
Integral to Curriculum
The training must be an integral part of your established curriculum (e.g., required internship or course credit).
2Offer Letter Requirements
Your DSO cannot authorize CPT without a valid offer letter. Ensure your employer includes ALL these details to avoid delays.
3Authorization Process
Secure Offer
Get a valid offer letter matching the requirements above.
University Request (DSO)
Register for the CPT course and submit request to DSO. Processing usually takes 1-5 business days.
Receive Form I-20
You will receive a new I-20 with CPT authorization on Page 2.
DO NOT start working until you have this document in hand.
4Taxes & SSN
FICA Tax Exemption
F-1 students are generally exempt from Social Security & Medicare taxes (FICA) for the first 5 calendar years.
• If your employer deducts this, ask for a refund.
• Use IRS Form 843 and 8316 if employer refuses refund.
Note: You ARE still subject to Federal/State Income Tax.
Getting an SSN
You can apply for an SSN only after CPT is approved.
• Wait 48 hours after I-20 issuance (SEVIS update time).
• Visit SSA office with Passport, I-94, Offer Letter, and I-20.
• Fill out Form SS-5.
5Rules & Comparison
The 12-Month Rule
If you engage in 12 months or more of Full-Time CPT, you become ineligible for OPT. Part-time CPT does not count towards this limit.
Remote Work
Permitted if employer has a policy. Report your actual physical location (e.g., home address) to SEVIS, not just HQ address.
6I-9 Required Evidence
When filling out your Form I-9 with an employer, presentation of these original documents is mandatory:
Unexpired Passport
Form I-94
Record of Admission
Form I-20
With CPT Endorsement